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curl: CURLX_SET_BINMODE(NULL) can call fileno(NULL) and cause undefined behavior / crash_H1:3400831

Description

Summary
-------
Calling the `CURLX_SET_BINMODE(stream)` macro with `stream == NULL` leads to an unguarded call to `fileno(NULL)` in `tool_binmode.h`, which is undefined behavior and may crash the process. This is a robustness/UB issue and should be corrected by guarding against NULL streams before calling `fileno()`.

Reproducer
---------
A minimal test program is included below to demonstrate the issue. When built against the current header, running the program results in a crash (SIGSEGV) or other undefined behavior on many platforms.

Impact
------
Non-security robustness defect: an accidental `NULL` stream passed to the macro can crash the process. This can surface during CLI tool execution or in tests and is easy to trigger accidentally.

Fix
---
Add a simple NULL-check wrapper (inline function) that returns early when `stream == NULL`, then call `_setmode`/`setmode` inside the wrapper. I included a suggested patch below and a unit test to prevent regressions.

Notes
-----
This is non-security; public PR is appropriate. I recommend adding the unit test to CI (and an ASAN job) so regressions are caught.


(safe, reproducible)

Save as repro_binmode_null.c at the repository root (adjust include path if needed):

/* repro_binmode_null.c
*
* Minimal PoC demonstrating that calling CURLX_SET_BINMODE(NULL)
* results in an unguarded fileno(NULL) invocation (undefined behavior).
*
* Build:
* gcc -Wall -Wextra -g -I./include repro_binmode_null.c -o repro_binmode_null
*
* If you want a clearer diagnostic, build+run under ASAN:
* gcc -fsanitize=address,undefined -g -I./include repro_binmode_null.c -o repro_binmode_null_asan
*
* Run:
* ./repro_binmode_null
* ./repro_binmode_null_asan
*
* Note: This program intentionally triggers the problematic call for repro purposes.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
/* Adjust the path below if your include tree is located elsewhere */
#include "tool_binmode.h"

int main(void)
{
/* Intentionally pass NULL to reproduce the issue.
The current macro expands to fileno(NULL), which is UB. */
CURLX_SET_BINMODE(NULL);

/* If the program continues without crashing, print a confirmation */
printf("CURLX_SET_BINMODE(NULL) returned — either implementation avoided fileno(NULL) or UB did not manifest.\n");
return 0;
}

Build & run instructions :-

From the repo root (assuming include/tool_binmode.h exists):

Compile (regular):

gcc -Wall -Wextra -g -I./include repro_binmode_null.c -o repro_binmode_null
./repro_binmode_null


Compile & run with sanitizers (recommended):

gcc -fsanitize=address,undefined -g -I./include repro_binmode_null.c -o repro_binmode_null_asan
./repro_binmode_null_asan


Expected ASAN/UBSAN output (example)

You will likely see an error such as:

runtime error: null pointer passed to function 'fileno'
SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior ...


or a segmentation fault (SIGSEGV) depending on platform and libc.

## Impact

The PoC intentionally triggers UB so it may crash; that is the point — to show behavior and allow maintainers to fix it.

For Windows cross-build or non-POSIX setups, behavior varies; running under ASAN/UBSAN is recommended to obtain a reliable diagnostic.
Visit Original Source

Basic Information

ID H1:3400831
Published Oct 27, 2025 at 06:55
Modified Oct 27, 2025 at 10:51

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