SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder — raw packet path missing bounds check_CVE-2026-40494

{
    "lastseen": "",
    "description": "SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue.",
    "published": "2026-04-18T01:42:48.830Z",
    "modified": "2026-04-18T01:42:48.830Z",
    "type": "cve",
    "title": "SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder \u2014 raw packet path missing bounds check",
    "source": "GitHub_M",
    "references": "https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f\nhttps://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302",
    "id": "CVE-2026-40494",
    "bulletinFamily": "",
    "cwe": [
        "CWE-787"
    ],
    "cvelist": null,
    "sourceData": "HappySeaFox sail < 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302",
    "sourceHref": "",
    "cvss": {
        "score": 9.8,
        "severity": "CRITICAL",
        "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
        "version": "3.1"
    },
    "cvss2": [],
    "cvss3": {
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        "baseScore": 0,
        "baseSeverity": "",
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        "attackComplexity": "",
        "privilegesRequired": "",
        "userInteraction": "",
        "scope": "",
        "confidentialityImpact": "",
        "integrityImpact": "",
        "availabilityImpact": "",
        "cvssV3": {
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    },
    "href": "",
    "category_name": "CVE",
    "post_link": "",
    "product": "sail",
    "version": "< 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302",
    "vendor": "HappySeaFox",
    "ai_description": "Heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder due to missing bounds check in raw packet path",
    "ai_severity": "Critical",
    "ai_vendor": "HappySeaFox",
    "ai_product": "SAIL",
    "ai_version": "< 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302",
    "ai_score": 9.8
}