nuts-node: JWT type confusion in v1 access token introspection allows VP replay as access token_CVE-2026-41164

{
    "lastseen": "",
    "description": "nuts-node is the reference implementation of the Nuts specification. Prior to 6.2.3 and 5.4.31, the v1 access token introspection endpoint (/auth/v1/introspect_access_token) accepts any JWT signed by a key present on the node, without validating the JWT type, issuer-to-key binding, or required claims. This allows a Verifiable Presentation (VP) JWT to be replayed as an access token and receive an active: true introspection response. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.3 and 5.4.31.",
    "published": "2026-05-26T17:35:59.019Z",
    "modified": "2026-05-26T17:35:59.019Z",
    "type": "cve",
    "title": "nuts-node: JWT type confusion in v1 access token introspection allows VP replay as access token",
    "source": "GitHub_M",
    "references": "https://github.com/nuts-foundation/nuts-node/security/advisories/GHSA-9hmg-827w-9rhj",
    "id": "CVE-2026-41164",
    "bulletinFamily": "",
    "cwe": [
        "CWE-345"
    ],
    "cvelist": null,
    "sourceData": "nuts-foundation nuts-node >= 6.0.0-alpha.1, < 6.2.3\nnuts-foundation nuts-node < 5.4.31",
    "sourceHref": "",
    "cvss": {
        "score": 4.4,
        "severity": "MEDIUM",
        "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
        "version": "3.1"
    },
    "cvss2": [],
    "cvss3": {
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        "vectorString": "",
        "baseScore": 0,
        "baseSeverity": "",
        "attackVector": "",
        "attackComplexity": "",
        "privilegesRequired": "",
        "userInteraction": "",
        "scope": "",
        "confidentialityImpact": "",
        "integrityImpact": "",
        "availabilityImpact": "",
        "cvssV3": {
            "version": "",
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        }
    },
    "href": "",
    "category_name": "CVE",
    "post_link": "",
    "product": "nuts-node",
    "version": ">= 6.0.0-alpha.1, < 6.2.3",
    "vendor": "nuts-foundation",
    "ai_description": "",
    "ai_severity": "",
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    "ai_score": 0
}